% % GENERATED FROM http://acme.able.cs.cmu.edu % by : anonymous % IP : ec2-44-200-191-146.compute-1.amazonaws.com % at : Fri, 29 Mar 2024 04:24:58 -0400 GMT % % Selection : Year = 2002 % @Misc{Clements2002, AUTHOR = {Clements, Paul and Bachmann, Felix and Garlan, David and Little, Reed and Nord, Robert and Stafford, Judith}, TITLE = {A Practical Method for Documenting Software Architectures}, YEAR = {2002}, PDF = {http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/able/ftp/icse03-dsa/submitted.pdf}, ABSTRACT = {A practical approach for documenting software architectures is presented. The approach is based on the well-known architectural concept of views, and holds that documentation consists of documenting the relevant views and then documenting the information that applies to more than one view. Views can be usefully grouped into viewtypes, corresponding to the three broad ways an architect must think about a system: as a set of implementation units, as a set of runtime elements interacting to carry out the system's work, and as a set of elements existing in and relating to external structures in its environment. A simple three-step procedure for choosing the relevant views to document is given, and applied to the problem of documentation for a large, complex NASA system.}, KEYWORDS = {Software Architecture} } @InProceedings{Garlan2002, AUTHOR = {Garlan, David and Schmerl, Bradley}, TITLE = {Model-based Adaptation for Self-Healing Systems}, YEAR = {2002}, MONTH = {18-19 November}, BOOKTITLE = {ACM SIGSOFT Workshop on Self-Healing Systems (WOSS'02),}, ADDRESS = {Charleston, SC}, PDF = {http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/able/ftp/WOSS02/paper-submitted.pdf}, ABSTRACT = {Traditional mechanisms that allow a system to detect and recover from errors are typically wired into applications at the level of code where they are hard to change, reuse, or analyze. An alterna-tive approach is to use externalized adaptation: one or more mod-els of a system are maintained at run time and external to the ap-plication as a basis for identifying problems and resolving them. In this paper we provide an overview of recent research in which we use architectural models as the basis for such problem diagno-sis and repair. These models can be specialized to the particular style of the system, the quality of interest, and the dimensions of run time adaptation that are permitted by the running system.}, KEYWORDS = {Autonomic Systems, Self-Repair, Software Architecture} } @InProceedings{Dingel2002, AUTHOR = {Dingel, Juergen and Garlan, David and Damon, Craig}, TITLE = {Bridging the HLA: Problems and Solutions}, YEAR = {2002}, MONTH = {11-13 October}, BOOKTITLE = {Sixth IEEE International Workshop on Distributed Simulation and Real Time Applications (DS-RT '02)}, ADDRESS = {Fort Worth, TX}, PDF = {http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/able/ftp/dsrt02/dsrt-distrib.pdf}, ABSTRACT = {The High-Level Architecture (HLA) provides a common architecture for distributed modeling and simulation. In its original form, the HLA allows a number of simulations to be joined together into a federation using a single run time infrastructure. Recently there has been an interest in joining multiple such federations together using a mediating unit, called an HLA }, KEYWORDS = {Formal Methods, Software Architecture} } @InProceedings{Cheng2002, AUTHOR = {Cheng, Shang-Wen and Garlan, David and Schmerl, Bradley and Steenkiste, Peter and Hu, Ningning}, TITLE = {Software Architecture-based Adaptation for Grid Computing}, YEAR = {2002}, MONTH = {July}, BOOKTITLE = {The 11th IEEE Conference on High Performance Distributed Computing (HPDC}, ADDRESS = {Edinburgh, Scotland}, PDF = {http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/able/ftp/hpdc02/hpdc02.pdf}, PS = {http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/able/ftp/hpdc02/hpdc02.ps}, ABSTRACT = {Grid applications must increasingly self-adapt dynamically to changing environments. In most cases, adaptation has been implemented in an ad hoc fashion, on a perapplication basis. This paper describes work which generalizes adaptation so that it can be used across applications by providing an adaptation framework. This framework uses a software architectural model of the system to analyze whether the application requires adaptation, and allows repairs to be written in the context of the architectural model and propagated to the running system. In this paper, we exemplify our framework by applying it to the domain of load-balancing a client-server system. We report on an experiment conducted using our framework, which illustrates that this approach maintains architectural requirements.}, KEYWORDS = {Autonomic Systems, Self-Repair, Software Architecture} } @InProceedings{Poladian2002, AUTHOR = {Poladian, Vahe and Garlan, David and Shaw, Mary}, TITLE = {Selection and Configuration in Mobile Environments: A Utility-Based Approach}, YEAR = {2002}, MONTH = {May}, BOOKTITLE = {Fourth Workshop on Economics-Driven Software Engineering Research (EDSER-4)}, PDF = {http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/able/ftp/EDSER4/EDSER.pdf}, ABSTRACT = {Users of low-power mobile computing platforms make ad hoc decisions when choosing software components among alternatives and configuring those components. We propose applying utility-theoretic models, which can help determine optimal allocation of scarce resources to applications given the user's utility and application resource usage. We believe that taking into consideration resource consumption and applying microeconomic models has the potential of improving the user's satisfaction with the system. In this paper, we formulate the problem, demonstrate the use of a microeconomics-based model on a simple version of the problem, and list possible solutions. Further, we identify issues typical of mobile environments that are not addressed by existing research, and propose ways of tackling these issues.} } @InProceedings{Schmerl2002, AUTHOR = {Schmerl, Bradley and Garlan, David}, TITLE = {Exploiting Architectural Design Knowledge to Support Self-repairing Systems}, YEAR = {2002}, MONTH = {15-19 July}, BOOKTITLE = {The 14th International Conference on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering}, ADDRESS = {Ischia, Italy}, PDF = {http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/able/ftp/seke02/paper.pdf}, PS = {http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/able/ftp/seke02/paper.ps}, ABSTRACT = {In an increasing number of domains software is now required to be self-adapting and self-healing. While in the past such abilities were incorporated into software on a per system basis, proliferation of such systems calls for more generalized mechanisms to manage dynamic adaptation. General mechanisms have the advantage that they can be reused in numerous systems, analyzed separately from the system being adapted, and easily changed to incorporate new adaptations. Moreover, they provide a natural home for encoding the expertise of system designers and implementers about adaptation strategies and policies. In this paper, we show how architecture description languages and tools can be extended to provide such generalized dynamic adaptation mechanisms.}, KEYWORDS = {AcmeStudio, Self-Repair, Software Architecture} } @Article{Garlan2002a, AUTHOR = {Garlan, David and Siewiorek, Dan and Smalagic, Asim and Steenkiste, Peter}, TITLE = {Project Aura: Towards Distraction-Free Pervasive Computing}, YEAR = {2002}, MONTH = {April}, JOURNAL = {IEEE Pervasive Computing, special issue on Integrated Pervasive Computing Environments}, VOLUME = {1}, NUMBER = {2}, PAGES = {22-31}, PDF = {http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/aura/www/docdir/Aura-Perv02.pdf}, ABSTRACT = {The most precious resource in a computer system is no longer its processor, memory, disk, or network, but rather human attention. Aura aims to minimize distractions on a user's attention, creating an environment that adapts to the user's context and needs.}, KEYWORDS = {Aura, Ubiquitous Computing} } @TechReport{Bachmann2002, AUTHOR = {Bachmann, Felix and Bass, Len and Clements, Paul and Garlan, David and Ivers, James and Little, Reed and Nord, Robert and Stafford, Judith}, TITLE = {Documenting Software Architecture: Documenting Interfaces}, YEAR = {2002}, NUMBER = {CMU/SEI-2002-TN-015}, INSTITUTION = {Software Engineering Institute}, KEYWORDS = {Software Architecture} } @InProceedings{Cheng2002a, AUTHOR = {Cheng, Shang-Wen and Garlan, David and Schmerl, Bradley and Sousa, Jo\~{a}o and Spitznagel, Bridget and Steenkiste, Peter}, TITLE = {Using Architectural Style as a Basis for Self-repair}, YEAR = {2002}, MONTH = {25-31 August}, BOOKTITLE = {Software Architecture: System Design, Development, and Maintenance (Proceedings of the 3rd Working IEEE/IFIP Conference on Software Architecture)}, PAGES = {45-59}, EDITOR = {Bosch, Jan and Gentleman, Morven and Hofmeister, Christine and Kuusela, Juha}, PUBLISHER = {Kluwer Academic Publishers}, PDF = {http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/able/ftp/wicsa3-arch/WICSA-web.pdf}, PS = {http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/able/ftp//wicsa3-arch/WICSA-web.ps}, ABSTRACT = {An increasingly important requirement for software systems is the capability to adapt at run time in order to accommodate varying resources, system errors, and changing requirements. For such self-repairing systems, one of the hard problems is determining when a change is needed, and knowing what kind of adaptation is required. Recently several researchers have explored the possibility of using architectural models as a basis for run time monitoring, error detection, and repair. Each of these efforts, however, has demonstrated the feasibility of using architectural models in the context of a specific style. In this paper we show how to generalize these solutions by making architectural style a parameter in the monitoring/repair framework and its supporting infrastructure. The value of this generalization is that it allows one to tailor monitoring/ repair mechanisms to match both the properties of interest (such as performance or security), and the available operators for run time adaptation.}, KEYWORDS = {Architectural Analysis, Autonomic Systems, Self-Repair, Software Architecture} } @InProceedings{Sousa2002, AUTHOR = {Sousa, Jo\~{a}o and Garlan, David}, TITLE = {Aura: an Architectural Framework for User Mobility in Ubiquitous Computing Environments}, YEAR = {2002}, MONTH = {25-31 August}, BOOKTITLE = {Software Architecture: System Design, Development, and Maintenance (Proceedings of the 3rd Working IEEE/IFIP Conference on Software Architecture)}, PAGES = {29-43}, EDITOR = {Bosch, Jan and Gentleman, Morven and Hofmeister, Christine and Kuusela, Juha}, PUBLISHER = {Kluwer Academic Publishers}, PDF = {http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/able/ftp/wicsa3-aura/wicsa.pdf}, ABSTRACT = {Ubiquitous computing poses a number of challenges for software architecture. One of the most important is the ability to design software systems that accommodate dynamically-changing resources. Resource variability arises naturally in a ubiquitous computing setting through user mobility (a user moves from one computing environment to another), and through the need to exploit time-varying resources in a given environment (such as wireless bandwidth). Traditional approaches to handling resource variability in applications attempt to address the problem by imposing uniformity on the environment. We argue that those approaches are inadequate, and describe an alternative architectural framework that is better matched to the needs of ubiquitous computing. A key feature of the architecture is that user tasks become first class entities. User proxies, or Auras, use models of user tasks to set up, monitor and adapt computing environments proactively. The architectural framework has been implemented and currently being used as a central component of Project Aura, a campus-wide ubiquitous computing effort.}, KEYWORDS = {Aura, Software Architecture, Ubiquitous Computing} } @InProceedings{Cheng2002b, AUTHOR = {Cheng, Shang-Wen and Garlan, David and Schmerl, Bradley and Sousa, Jo\~{a}o and Spitznagel, Bridget and Steenkiste, Peter and Hu, Ningning}, TITLE = {Software Architecture-based Adaptation for Pervasive Systems}, YEAR = {2002}, MONTH = {8-11 April}, BOOKTITLE = {International Conference on Architecture of Computing Systems (ARCS'02): Trends in Network and Pervasive Computing}, VOLUME = {2299}, EDITOR = {Schmeck, H and Ungerer, T and Wolf, L}, SERIES = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, ADDRESS = {Karlsruhe, Germany}, PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag}, PDF = {http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/able/ftp/arch-arcs02/arcs-final.pdf}, PS = {http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/able/ftp/arch-arcs02/arcs-final.ps}, ABSTRACT = { An important requirement for pervasive computing systems is the ability to adapt at runtime to handle varying resources, user mobility, changing user needs, and system faults. In this paper we describe an approach in which dynamic adaptation is supported by the use of software architectural models to monitor an application and guide dynamic changes to it. The use of externalized models permits one to make reconfiguration decisions based on a global per-spective of the running system, apply analytic models to determine correct re-pair strategies, and gauge the effectiveness of repair through continuous system monitoring. We illustrate the application of this idea to pervasive computing systems, focusing on the need to adapt based on performance-related criteria and models.}, KEYWORDS = {Software Architecture, Ubiquitous Computing} } @TechReport{Bachmann2002a, AUTHOR = {Bachmann, Felix and Bass, Len and Clements, Paul and Garlan, David and Ivers, James and Little, Reed and Nord, Robert and Stafford, Judith}, TITLE = {Documenting Software Architecture: Documenting Behavior}, YEAR = {2002}, NUMBER = {CMU/SEI-2002-TN-001}, INSTITUTION = {Software Engineering Institute}, KEYWORDS = {Software Architecture} } @Article{Garlan2002b, AUTHOR = {Garlan, David and Kompanek, Andrew and Cheng, Shang-Wen}, TITLE = {Reconciling the Needs of Architectural Description with Object-Modeling Notations}, YEAR = {2002}, JOURNAL = {Science of Computer Programming}, VOLUME = {44}, PAGES = {23-49}, PDF = {http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/able/ftp/uml01/uml01.pdf}, PS = {http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/able/ftp/uml01/uml01.ps}, ABSTRACT = {Complex software systems require expressive notations for representing their software architectures. Two competing paths have emerged. One is to use a specialized notation for architecture - or architecture description language (ADL). The other is to adapt a general-purpose modeling notation, such as UML. The latter has a number of benefits, including familiarity to developers, close mapping to implementations, and commercial tool support. However, it remains an open question as to how best to use object-oriented notations for architectural description, and, indeed, whether they are sufficiently expressive, as currently defined. In this paper we take a systematic look at these questions, examining the space of possible mappings from ADLs into object notations. Specifically, we describe (a) the principle strategies for representing architectural structure in UML; (b) the benefits and limitations of each strategy; and (c) aspects of architectural description that are intrinsically difficult to model in UML using the strategies.}, KEYWORDS = {Software Architecture, UML} } @Article{Kaplan2002, AUTHOR = {Kaplan, Alan and Schmerl, Bradley and Veeraraghaven, Rajesh}, TITLE = {Toward Automated Support for Transparent Interoperable Queries}, YEAR = {2002}, MONTH = {October}, JOURNAL = {Journal of Information Technology and Management}, VOLUME = {3}, NUMBER = {4}, PAGES = {387-406}, URL = {http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/klu/item/2002/00000003/00000004/05093521;jsessionid=h7vv7b6cf8uk.victoria}, NOTE = {A shorter version of this paper appeared in the Ninth Workshop on Information Technologies and Systems (WITS99)(Charlotte, USA, December 1999)} }